China Ousts Two Military Lawmakers Amid Ongoing Purge of Defense Leadership

Abrupt Dismissals Raise Questions

China’s National People’s Congress Standing Committee made a shocking move on December 25, expelling two senior military officers from Parliament. Lieutenant-General You Haitao and Vice-Admiral Li Pengcheng were ousted without clear explanation. This follows a series of similar purges targeting top military personnel. The dismissals underscore the relentless anti-corruption campaign within China’s armed forces, signaling no end in sight for the ongoing shake-up.

A Growing Purge Within the Military

The removal of Lt-Gen You and Vice-Adm Li comes as part of a broader crackdown on the military’s leadership. Lt-Gen You, a former deputy commander of the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Ground Force, and Vice-Adm Li, the commander of the Southern Theatre Command, both held influential positions in the Chinese military. The Southern Theatre Command is particularly significant, overseeing the South China Sea, a region marked by territorial disputes involving China.

The legislative body gave no specific details regarding the reasons for their ouster, only stating that both officers were suspected of violating laws and discipline. In the context of China, such terms are typically associated with corruption, a serious accusation that has plagued many top officials in recent years.

Connections to Prior Purges

The purge is not isolated. In fact, Vice-Adm Li’s departure follows the removal of his predecessor, Vice-Admiral Ju Xinchun, who was ousted from Parliament exactly one year ago. This suggests a pattern within China’s military leadership, where high-ranking officers in sensitive positions are being systematically targeted.

The anti-corruption campaign, which began in 2023, initially focused on the PLA’s equipment procurement unit and the Rocket Force, an elite division of the military responsible for China’s missile systems. But the recent moves indicate that the crackdown is expanding, now affecting commanders in key positions like those overseeing regional military commands.

Military Campaigns and Xi Jinping’s Influence

This purge is part of a broader effort by Chinese President Xi Jinping to consolidate his control over the military. In November 2023, China suspended one of its senior officials in the Central Military Commission, the nation’s highest military authority. The Commission, under Xi’s leadership, has been instrumental in pushing forward the ongoing campaign against corruption within the armed forces.

Xi’s broader vision includes tightening control over the military, especially in strategic regions like the South China Sea. The South China Sea has been a flashpoint for territorial disputes, with China asserting its claims over vast areas contested by other nations. As a result, the Southern Theatre Command, which controls this crucial region, is of utmost importance to China’s national security strategy.

A New Appointment Signals Change

In a related move, on December 23, China revealed a new political commissar for the Ground Force. The sudden announcement raised eyebrows, as political commissars are seen as key figures who ensure loyalty to the Chinese Communist Party within the military. This appointment further highlights the ongoing reshuffling within China’s defense establishment and the tightening grip of Xi Jinping’s government over the military.

The new political commissar is expected to play a critical role in shaping the future direction of the PLA Ground Force, which is one of the largest military units in the world. The selection of this new leader underscores the importance of maintaining party loyalty within the military ranks, especially during a period of widespread purges and restructuring.

The Bigger Picture: Ongoing Reform or Instability?

The military purges signal a broader effort to reform the PLA and eliminate corruption, but they also raise concerns about the stability and effectiveness of China’s defense leadership. The ongoing reshuffling of military personnel could undermine the continuity of leadership, potentially leading to disruptions in key military strategies and operations.

At the same time, these moves may also be seen as a necessary measure to modernize the military and remove those who are seen as obstacles to Xi’s vision of a more disciplined and unified defense establishment. As Xi continues to extend his control, both within the military and across China’s political system, the country’s defense strategy is likely to remain in flux, with shifting allegiances and power struggles playing a central role in shaping the future.

A Deepening Campaign

The ousting of Lt-Gen You and Vice-Adm Li is just the latest development in China’s ongoing anti-corruption campaign. With the continued removal of high-ranking officials from critical positions within the military, the extent of Xi Jinping’s influence over the armed forces is becoming clearer. As the purges show no sign of slowing, questions remain about the long-term impact on China’s military effectiveness and political stability.

What is certain, however, is that the recent political shifts in China reflect a leadership determined to reshape the nation’s defense apparatus, even if it means dismantling key figures who once held power. The next steps in this ongoing purge could reshape China’s military for years to come, with ramifications not only for the country but also for regional and global security.